Subsidies in Germany – Viewed from the Perspective of the Kiel Subsidy Report (original publication German only)

The authors analyze public subsidies in Germany and provide actual figures of subsidy expenditures and tax concessions as granted by the various federal layers (federal budget, states, communities) as well as by special budgets and the European Union. Thereby they apply the more comprehensive subsidy definition of the Kiel Institute’s subsidy report, which also comprises payments to non-profit organizations as far as the latter provide marketable goods and services.