KKB 87: The war in Ukraine is weighing on the global economy at a time when inflation has already risen sharply and the US Federal Reserve has embarked on a tightening cycle

Against the backdrop of the recent surge in inflation, we discuss available measures of inflation expectations and implications for monetary policy in t

KKB 85: Following an encouraging first half of the year, the recovery of the global economy has lost momentum. Across the globe, resurging Covid-19 infections weighed on economic activity.

KKB 81: he global recovery has lost momentum in the first half of 2021 amid new surges of Covid-19 cases and supply chain disruptions.

Kiel Policy Brief No. 158: Official data substantially underreports the number of Covid-19 cases and deaths in Africa as testing and surveillance capacities are limited in many countries.

The number of Covid-19 cases and deaths in Africa is significantly underreported in official data. Estimates of excess mortality show that the reporting gap is particularly large compared with other world regions. The Covid-19 pandemic affects the...

Consumer price inflation in the euro area has sharply risen to 3% in the course of 2021. This increase was mainly due to higher energy prices and other

KBW 36: The extremely low interest environment during the 2010s has significantly facilitated the reduction of the gross government debt-to-GDP ratio in Germany in the aftermath of the global financial crisis.

KKB 79: The global economy remained on track in the first months of 2021, despite surging covid-19 infections and renewed containment measures in many countries.

Negative interest rate policies (NIRP) have become an established monetary policy instrument in the toolkit of the ECB. We discuss NIRP in the euro area